What are the localized treatments for breast cancer mentioned in the content?

Localized treatments for breast cancer are aimed at targeting the cancerous tissue in a specific area without affecting the rest of the body. Surgery is often the primary means of management, involving the removal of the tumor along with some surrounding healthy tissue to ensure margins are clear of cancer cells. This approach minimizes the risk of recurrence at the surgical site.

Radiation therapy is frequently used in conjunction with surgery. After surgery, radiation can help eliminate any remaining microscopic cancer cells in the breast or chest wall, further reducing the likelihood of recurrence. Thus, the combination of surgery and radiation represents a comprehensive localized treatment strategy for breast cancer, focusing on treating the specific area affected by the disease.

Other treatment modalities listed, such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy, are systemic treatments that affect the entire body and are typically used for more advanced stages of cancer or when there is a significant risk of metastasis. Hormone therapy generally serves as an adjunctive treatment but not as a localized therapy. Biopsies are diagnostic procedures, and blood transfusions are not specifically a treatment for cancer but rather a supportive measure.